GLUTEN BILAN BOG‘LIQ SALOMATLIK XAVFLARI VA OZIQ-OVQAT NAZORATINING ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLARI: TANQIDIY ADABIYOTLAR SHARHI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22072017Keywords:
gluten, selyakiya, bug‘doy allergiyasi, noselyakik gluten sezgirligi, glutensiz parhez, ELISA, LC-MS/MS, gluten immunogen peptidlari.Abstract
Gluten bug‘doy, javdar va arpaning texnologik xususiyatlarini belgilaydigan oqsillar majmuasi bo‘lsa-da, selyakiya, IgE vositasidagi bug‘doy allergiyasi va noselyakik gluten yoki bug‘doy sezgirligida klinik xavf omiliga aylanadi. Ushbu tanqidiy sharhning maqsadi gluten bilan bog‘liq kasalliklarni farqlash, glutensiz parhezning klinik foydasi va dietologik xavflarini baholash, oziq-ovqat mahsulotlaridagi glutenni aniqlash usullari hamda parhezga rioya etilishini bevosita nazorat qilish imkoniyatlarini yagona tizimda tahlil qilishdan iborat. PubMed/MEDLINE, Crossref va FAO/JSST Codex Alimentarius materiallari 2026-yil 9-avgustgacha qidirildi. 2017–2026-yillarda nashr etilgan klinik qo‘llanmalar, tizimli sharhlar, meta-tahlillar, nazoratli sinovlar va laboratoriya tadqiqotlaridan 18 ta manba tanlandi; 2023–2025-yillardagi dalillarga ustuvorlik berildi. Tahlil selyakiyada umrboqiy glutensiz parhez zarurligini, biroq tijoriy glutensiz mahsulotlarga ortiqcha tayanish ratsiondagi tolalar, temir, folat, kalsiy va D vitamini bilan ta’minlanishni yomonlashtirishi mumkinligini ko‘rsatdi. Noselyakik sezgirlikda simptomlar glutenning o‘zi, bug‘doy fruktanlari va nosebo javobining turli ulushlari bilan bog‘liq bo‘lishi mumkin. Oziq-ovqat nazoratida ELISA rutindagi asosiy usul bo‘lib qoladi; LC-MS/MS gidrolizlangan va murakkab matritsalarda peptidlarni tasdiqlash imkonini beradi, lateral oqim testlari esa joyida skriningni tezlashtiradi. Siydik va najasdagi gluten immunogen peptidlari yaqindagi ekspozitsiyani aniqlash imkonini beradi, ammo ularni klinik qarorlar bilan birgalikda talqin qilish lozim. Samarali boshqaruv tashxis, dietologik kuzatuv, ishlab chiqarish gigiyenasi va laboratoriya verifikatsiyasini birlashtirgan xavfga asoslangan modelni talab etadi.References
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